Welcome to the forum, Kenton.
You can place points along a curve at either ratio distances or real length distances.
You can then define a datum curve to points if you are working in 3D, or just use a sketch to create different splines if working on a planar curve. You have different levels of spline control in sketches than you do with datum curves.
A further technique in working with 3D curve is to use the points as references in a sketch; manipulate the sketch, and project those new splines onto a surface that follows the original curve. It all depends on what you are trying to accomplish.